Forest species have lifecycles spanning decades and even centuries, and their ability to grow and thrive in changing or adverse environments is a result of their genetics and epigenetics.

The Genomics for Forest Resilience Initiative seeks to generate referential and population-level genomic data for Australia’s native forest species. In collaboration with our early end-user partner Restore and Renew (NSW Royal Botanic Gardens), this data will empower researchers and land managers to better understand genetic diversity in key forest species, leading to more informed restoration and management strategies that boost forest resilience.

Forests support a significant portion of Australia’s biodiversity, including many unique native plant families and species. They cover 133.6 million hectares, 17% of the nation’s land. Australia’s native forests are primarily Eucalypt forests, covering 77% of the total forest area, while rainforests represent only 3%. Though limited in distribution, rainforests contain 60% of Australia’s plant species and provide critical habitat for endemic and protected species. Several ecologically important tree species are also valuable to Australia’s hardwood forestry industry. Forests provide essential ecosystem services such as nutrient recycling and clean air and water, mitigating climate change and supporting healthy environments. Conserving and managing forests is critical to Australia’s biodiversity and well-being.

Using genomics in forest restoration and forest management improves the effectiveness and resilience of vulnerable species. Genomics enable the assessment of genetic diversity within and between populations, helping practitioners select those best suited to local conditions. By identifying genetic traits linked to adaptation (e.g., drought tolerance, disease resistance), newly planted species are more likely to thrive. Genomic data also predicts how species or genetic varieties might respond to environmental shifts, pests, and diseases, supporting long-term forest sustainability.